BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACEUTICS

  Multiple Choice Questions on Superficial and Cutaneous Fungal Infections 1. All of the following are examples of common superficial mycoses, EXCEPT ? a) Aspergillosis b) Candidiasis c) Tinea versicolor d) Tinea nigra 2. Which of the following statement regarding Tinea nigra infection is NOT correct? a) Most prevalent in the tropical and subtropical region b) Symptoms include pigmented macules on palm and soles c) Trycophyton spp is the causative fungi d) Common specimen is skin scrapings 3. The fungi Trichosporon commonly causes superficial infection of hair also called white piedra. Which of the following species of Trichosporon causes scalp hair white piedra ? a) T. ovoides b) T. inkin c) T. asahii d) None of the above 4. All of the following are the characteristics of cutaneous mycoses, EXCEPT ? a) The infection of hair, skin, and nails b) The common cause of ringworm in humans only c) Candida spp is associated with the infection d) The keratinize...

Multiple Choice Questions on Purine & Pyrimidine Metabolism Purine metabolism is a crucial biochemical process that involves the biosynthesis, degradation, and recycling of purine nucleotides, which are essential building blocks of DNA and RNA. The de novo biosynthesis of purines requires several enzymes, including glutamine: phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) amidotransferase, which is a committed step and a target for regulation. Other important enzymes involved in purine biosynthesis include adenylosuccinate synthetase and adenylosuccinate lyase. The degradation of purine nucleotides generates uric acid, which is excreted by the kidneys. Dysregulation of purine metabolism can lead to several diseases, including gout and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Understanding the complex regulation of purine metabolism is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. 1. The function of nucleotide includes : a) Second Messenger b) Energy currency and high energy equivalents c...

Multiple Choice Question on Fungi and Fungal Infections 1) What are the different types of medically important fungal infections?  Select from all the options below a) Aspergillosis b)Dermatophytosis  c) Mucormycosis d) Toxoplasmosis 2) Which of the following is Not a common cultural characteristics of fungi? a) They are heterotypic eukaryotic microorganisms b) The cell wall is composed of chitin c) Fungi reproduce asexually only d) Can cause superficial and systemic diseases 3) Which of the following dimorphic fungus is a medically important human pathogen that can cause severe respiratory infections? a) Cryptococcus neoformans b) Histoplasma capsulatum c) Mucor racemosus d) Aspergillus niger 4) Various components of fungi contribute to the laboratory identification and detection of the organism, including features of the fungal cell wall. Identify the components: a) Hyphae / mycelia b) Consists of a stalk / stem c) Consists of a fruiting bo...

Multiple Choice Questions on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS) with answers 1) Which virus is associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic? A) HIV-2 B) HTLV-1 C) HIV-1 D) HIV-3 2) Which of the following is an important molecule present in the outer membrane of HIV that helps the virus to enter and infect host cells? a) Polysaccharides b) Glycoproteins c) Proteins d) Lipopolysaccharides 3) Select all the incorrect options given below for the common route of transmission of HIV from one person to another? a) Unprotected sexual contact with an infected person b) From infected mother to the fetus c) From the mosquito bite  d) Exposure to contaminated blood and blood products e) Using and sharing the same swimming pool  4) HIV belongs to which of the following genus member of the virus? a) Orthomyxovirus b) Retrovirus c) Parvovirus d) Reovirus 5) All of the following statements regarding HIV infection in human is true, ...

                      Multiple Choice Question on Lipid Metabolism ( Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and                               Other Lipids ) 1) The cholesterol serves as the precursor for the following biosynthetic pathways,  EXCEPT a) Bile acid synthesis b) Steroid hormone synthesis c) Aldosterone synthesis d) Thyroid hormone synthesis 2) Which of the following lipids act as lungs surfactants? a) Phosphatidylcholine b) Phosphatidylethanolamine c) Ceramide d) Phosphatidylinositol 3) Identify the simple lipid from the following? a) Lecithin b) Fatty acid c) Triacylglycerol d) Steroids 4) All of the following are complex lipids, Except? a) Phosphatidic acid b) Cerebroside c) Cardiolipin d) Cholesterol 5) Which of the following is an essential fatty acid? a) Linolenic acid b) Arachidonic acid c) Oleic acid d) Palmitic...

                                                        Multiple Choice Questions on Parasite / Protozoa 1. Which of the following is an important and common specimen taken for the microscopic detection of malarial parasites in humans? a) Stool b) Sputum c) Blood      d) Urine 2. Which of the following parasite is transmitted to humans through exposure to cat feces? a) Trichomonas vaginalis b) Toxoplasma gondii          c) Entamoeaba histolytica d) Plasmodium falciparum 3. Which of the following parasite is a common cause of diarrhea in humans and some animals? a) Giardia lamblia      b)   Leishmania donovani c) Toxoplasma gondii d)  Pneumocystis carinii 4. Which of the following protozoan parasite can be spread to humans by the bite of a sandfly? a) Entamoeba histolytica b) Plasmo...